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OK
http://gvnet.com/torture/Zambia.htm
Zambia
Country
AS37154
Network
September 19, 2024, 04:47 PM UTC
Date & Time
Websites
Websites
Web Connectivity Test 
Runtime: 2.8s
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On September 19, 2024, 04:47 PM UTC, http://gvnet.com/torture/Zambia.htm was accessible when tested on AS37154 in Zambia.

Failures

HTTP Experiment
null
DNS Experiment
null
Control
null

DNS Queries

Resolver:
172.253.249.213
Query:
IN A gvnet.com
Engine:
system
Name
Class
TTL
Type
DATA
@
IN
A
173.205.127.152

TCP Connections

Connection to 173.205.127.152:80 succeeded.

HTTP Requests

URL
GET http://gvnet.com/torture/Zambia.htm
Response Headers
Accept-Ranges:
bytes
Connection:
Upgrade
Content-Length:
85891
Content-Type:
text/html
Date:
Thu, 19 Sep 2024 16:47:06 GMT
Last-Modified:
Sun, 31 Oct 2021 02:04:45 GMT
Server:
Apache
Upgrade:
h2,h2c
Response Body
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xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"
xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml"
xmlns:st1="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">

<head>
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<meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document>
<meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 14">
<meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 14">
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w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
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<![endif]-->
<title>Torture by Police, Forced Disappearance &amp; Other Ill Treatment -
Zambia</title>
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  <o:LastAuthor>Prof Patt</o:LastAuthor>
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  <o:TotalTime>1516</o:TotalTime>
  <o:Created>2014-03-04T22:32:00Z</o:Created>
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  <o:Words>2411</o:Words>
  <o:Characters>13749</o:Characters>
  <o:Company>University of Mass - Lowell</o:Company>
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<link rel=colorSchemeMapping href="Zambia_files/colorschememapping.xml">
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   <w:BreakWrappedTables/>
   <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
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   <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
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<div class=WordSection1>

<p class=g style='margin-top:2.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify'><span
style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<div align=center>

<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=590
 style='width:442.5pt;border-collapse:collapse;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;
 mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
  <td width=590 valign=top style='width:442.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'><pre><span
  style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></pre>
  <table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
   style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
   mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;
    height:26.5pt'>
    <td width=97 style='width:72.9pt;border:none;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
    height:26.5pt'><pre style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
    normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
    color:#984807;mso-themecolor:accent6;mso-themeshade:128;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
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    100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:lumm=50000'><a
    href="http://gvnet.com/humantrafficking/menu.htm"><span style='color:#984807;
    mso-themecolor:accent6;mso-themeshade:128;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
    #984807;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent6;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
    100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:lumm=50000'>Main Menu</span></a></span></b><b
    style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
    font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=24 style='width:.25in;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
    mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
    height:26.5pt'><pre style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
    normal'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=90 style='width:67.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
    none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    background:#DEDEDE;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:26.5pt'><pre
    style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
    style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
    href="http://gvnet.com/poverty/Zambia.htm">Poverty</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=24 style='width:.25in;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
    mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
    height:26.5pt'><pre style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
    normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
    none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    background:#E5DFEC;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
    51;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:26.5pt'><pre style='text-align:center'><b
    style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
    font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
    href="http://gvnet.com/humantrafficking/Zambia.htm">Human Trafficking</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=18 style='width:13.5pt;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
    mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
    height:26.5pt'><pre style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
    normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=96 style='width:1.0in;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
    none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    background:#DAEEF3;mso-background-themecolor:accent5;mso-background-themetint:
    51;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:26.5pt'><pre style='text-align:center'><b
    style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
    font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
    href="http://gvnet.com/childprostitution/Zambia.htm">CSEC</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=18 style='width:13.5pt;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
    mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
    height:26.5pt'><pre style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
    normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></pre></td>
    <td width=96 style='width:1.0in;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
    none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    background:#FFFFCC;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:26.5pt'><pre
    style='text-align:center'><span class=MsoHyperlink><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
    normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
    href="http://gvnet.com/streetchildren/Zambia.htm">Street Children</a></span></b></span></pre></td>
   </tr>
  </table>
  <pre><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></pre>
  <p align=center style='margin-top:.25in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:2.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;tab-stops:4.4in'><b><span
  style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
  color:#7030A0'>Torture by Police, Forced Disappearance<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
  <p align=center style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:2.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;tab-stops:4.4in'><b><span
  style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
  color:#7030A0'>&amp; Other Ill Treatment<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
  <p class=MsoBodyText align=center style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;
  margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:center;tab-stops:301.35pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#7030A0;
  mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>In the early years of the 21st Century, 2000 to
  2025<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>                                                </span>gvnet.com/torture/Zambia.htm<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <div align=center>
  <table class=MsoTableGrid border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
   style='background:#7030A0;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-yfti-tbllook:
   191;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;mso-border-insideh:none;mso-border-insidev:
   none'>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;
    height:159.75pt'>
    <td width=300 style='width:224.85pt;padding:.15in .1in .05in .2in;
    height:159.75pt'>
    <p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on"><b><span
      style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white;
      mso-themecolor:background1'>Republic</span></b></st1:PlaceType><b><span
     style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white;
     mso-themecolor:background1'> of <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Zambia</st1:PlaceName></span></b></st1:place><span
    style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:white;
    mso-themecolor:background1'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-align:justify'><span
    style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:white;
    mso-themecolor:background1'>Allegations of police brutality are widespread, and security forces generally operate with impunity. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class=MsoBodyText style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
    6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;color:white;mso-themecolor:
    background1'>Conditions in pretrial detention facilities and prisons are poor, and reports of forced labor, abuse of inmates by authorities, and deplorable health conditions continue.<span
    style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>[<i>Freedom House Country Report, </i><span
    style='mso-bidi-font-style:italic'>2018]</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    </td>
    <td width=276 style='width:206.85pt;padding:.15in .1in .15in .1in;
    height:159.75pt'>
    <p class=MsoBodyText align=center style='text-align:center'><span
    style='color:white;mso-themecolor:background1;mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype
     id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t"
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     <v:imagedata src="Zambia_files/image001.gif" o:title=" Zambia"/>
    </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=252 height=270
    src="Zambia_files/image001.gif" alt="Description: Description: Zambia"
    v:shapes="Picture_x0020_1"><![endif]></span><span style='color:white;
    mso-themecolor:background1'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    </td>
   </tr>
  </table>
  </div>
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
  <td width=590 valign=top style='width:442.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
  <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:
  0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>CAUTION:&nbsp; </span></b><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The following links
  have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in Zambia.<span
  style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Some of these links may lead to websites
  that present allegations that are unsubstantiated or even false.&nbsp; No
  attempt has been made to validate their authenticity or to verify their </span><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>content.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g align=center style='margin-top:.5in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
  0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b
  style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
  "Arial","sans-serif"'>HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
  <u1:p></u1:p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:18.7pt;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b><u><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Students<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
  <u1:p></u1:p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:18.7pt;margin-bottom:
  .5in;margin-left:18.7pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>If you are looking
  for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
  this page and others to see which aspects of Torture by Authorities are of
  particular interest to you.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>You might
  be interested in exploring the moral justification for inflicting pain or
  inhumane or degrading treatment or punishment in order to obtain critical
  information that may save countless lives, or to elicit a confession for a
  criminal act, or to punish someone to teach him a lesson outside of the
  courtroom.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Perhaps your paper might
  focus on some of the methods of torture, like fear, extreme temperatures,
  starvation, thirst, sleep deprivation, suffocation, or immersion in freezing
  water.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>On the other hand, you might
  choose to write about the people acting in an official capacity who
  perpetrate such cruelty.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>There is a
  lot to the subject of Torture by Authorities.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
  </span>Scan other countries as well as this one.<span
  style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Draw comparisons between activity in
  adjacent countries and/or regions.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
  </span>Meanwhile, check out some of the <a
  href="http://gvnet.com/termpaperresources/tor.htm"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:
  "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast'>Term-Paper resources</span></a>
  that are available on-line.<u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g align=center style='margin-top:.25in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
  0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b
  style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>***
  ARCHIVES ***</span></b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b><u><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>2020 Country
  Reports on Human Rights Practices: Zambia</span></u></b><u><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>U.S. <span
  class=SpellE>Dept</span> of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and
  Labor, 30 March 2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
  href="https://www.state.gov/reports/2020-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/zambia/">www.state.gov/reports/2020-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/zambia/</a>
  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 12 August
  2021]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>TORTURE AND OTHER
  CRUEL, INHUMAN, OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Local media
  reported police used arbitrary and excessive force to enforce public health
  regulations implemented to prevent the spread of COVID-19. According to the
  nongovernmental organization (NGO) Chapter One Foundation, police routinely
  beat individuals found frequenting bars and other commercial locations in
  violation of COVID-19 restrictions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Impunity was a
  significant problem within the security forces, particularly police, and was
  especially common during the COVID-19 pandemic. The factors that contributed
  to impunity were a lack of training in, understanding of, and respect for
  human rights.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>PRISON AND DETENTION
  CENTER CONDITIONS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Physical conditions
  in prisons and detention centers remained harsh and life threatening due to
  overcrowding, frequent outbreaks of disease, food and potable water
  shortages, poor sanitation, and inadequate medical care. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>ARREST PROCEDURES
  AND TREATMENT OF DETAINEES<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Pretrial Detention:
  Prolonged pretrial detention, including that of irregular migrants awaiting
  trial or removal, continued to be a problem. On average detainees spent an
  estimated six months in pretrial detention, which often exceeded the maximum
  length of the prison sentence corresponding to the detainee’s alleged crime.
  Contributing factors included inability to meet bail requirements, trial
  delays, and trial continuances due to absent prosecutors and their witnesses.
  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:2.0in'><b><u><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Freedom House
  Country Report<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:2.0in'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>2018 Edition<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:2.0in'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
  href="https://freedomhouse.org/country/zambia/freedom-world/2018">freedomhouse.org/country/<span
  class=SpellE>zambia</span>/freedom-world/2018</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:2.0in'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 18 May
  2020<span style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>]<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>F3. IS THERE
  PROTECTION FROM THE ILLEGITIMATE USE OF PHYSICAL FORCE AND FREEDOM FROM WAR
  AND INSURGENCIES?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Allegations of police
  brutality are widespread, and security forces generally operate with
  impunity. In March 2017, a Zambian air force officer was brutally beaten and
  killed while being detained for a minor traffic violation, in an incident the
  Human Rights Commission ruled amounted to his torture. The police officers
  and inmates responsible were arrested and charged for his murder. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Conditions in
  pretrial detention facilities and prisons are poor, and reports of forced
  labor, abuse of inmates by authorities, and deplorable health conditions
  continue.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  class=SpellE><span class=copy><b><u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
  "Arial","sans-serif"'>Letâ</span></u></b></span></span><span class=copy><b><u><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>€™s <span
  class=SpellE>criminalise</span> torture – <span class=SpellE>Inonge</span></span><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.85pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Zambia Daily Mail, 3
  March 2015</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:2.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>www.daily-mail.co.zm/?p=22065<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.85pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 31 March
  2015]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:2.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.7pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
  href="http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/lets-criminalise-torture-inonge/">www.daily-mail.co.zm/lets-criminalise-torture-inonge/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:18.85pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 20 January
  2019]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Vice-President <span
  class=SpellE>Inonge</span> <span class=SpellE>Wina</span> says torture should
  be <span class=SpellE>criminalised</span> because it has a lot of devastating
  effects on individuals and society.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  class=SpellE><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Mrs</span></span><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <span
  class=SpellE>Wina</span> noted that lack of a legal framework that <span
  class=SpellE>criminalises</span> torture is the most serious challenge in the
  fight against the vice.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>“Without torture
  being a clearly defined offence under our penal laws, we have seen a
  situation where acts of torture are being perpetrated which is not in
  accordance with the gravity of the offence committed,” she said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The vice-president
  said that torture is not just a form of violence but a grave violation of
  human rights which has damaging consequences on the victims.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  class=SpellE><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Mrs</span></span><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <span
  class=SpellE>Wina</span> called for concerted efforts at all levels to
  eliminate the possibility of torture occurring anywhere in the country.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:.4in'><span
  class=copy><b><u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>NGO
  Denounces Torture in Zambian Prison</span><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Charles Sakala,
  Zambia Reports, 6 May 2013</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>allafrica.com/stories/201305060524.html<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 7 May
  2013]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The Prisons Carer
  and Counseling Association (PRISCA) executive director Geoffrey Malembeka has
  asked the Zambia Prisons Service to stop torturing two inmates who were
  re-captured after a dramatic prison break two months ago.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>In an interview,
  Malembeka said torturing prisoners was not a solution to rehabilitating
  prisoners because it was also against law and human rights.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>He said in Lusaka
  that the Zambia Prisons Service must engage the social counseling strategy in
  rehabilitating inmates.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&quot;We are aware
  that the prisoners who had escaped but were re-arrested in Chipata last week
  are being tortured. This is an old method of dealing with such situations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  class=copy><b><u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Policing
  and Human Rights -- Assessing southern African countries’ compliance with the
  SARPCCO Code of Conduct for Police Officials</span><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Edited by Amanda
  Dissel &amp; Cheryl Frank, African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum APCOF,
  2012 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>ISBN:
  978-1-920489-81-6</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:6.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
  href="http://www.academia.edu/2293474/Policing_and_Human_Rights_Assessing_Southern_African_countries_compliance_with_the_SARPCCO">www.academia.edu/2293474/Policing_and_Human_Rights_Assessing_Southern_African_countries_compliance_with_the_SARPCCO</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 25 March
  2014]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[ZAMBIA] -- ARTICLE
  4: TORTURE AND CRUEL, INHUMAN AND DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><i
  style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
  "Arial","sans-serif"'>No police official shall, under any circumstances,
  inflict, instigate, or tolerate any act of torture and other cruel, inhuman
  or degrading treatment or punishment of any person.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Torture and other
  forms of ill-treatment occur with alarming frequency. The ZHRC has noted many
  instances of police torture and ill-treatment. This occurs against suspects
  and against detainees in police detention.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
  </span>In 2009 and 2010, Human Rights Watch and PRISCA interviewed 249
  inmates in prison for a study on the health of inmates. They found that
  ‘testimony provided by prisoners indicated an ongoing widespread and
  systematic pattern of brutality’ by the police while they were in police
  custody’.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Prisoners reported that they
  had been repeatedly beaten by police in order to extract confessions. Some of
  the beatings resulted in serious injury, with some even sustaining permanent
  injury. Police from the Criminal Investigations Directorate (CID) were
  particularly implicated in ‘systematic abuse, including binding and hanging
  prisoners from the ceiling to force confessions’. Civil society organisations
  have also noted widespread torture and abuse by police, even for ‘petty crimes
  such as stealing cell phones’.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:.4in'><span class=copy><b><u><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Zambia: Police
  Brutality, Torture Rife</span><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
  0in;margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Human
  Rights Watch HRW, New York, 7 September 2010</span><span style='font-size:
  8.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:20.15pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><a
  href="http://www.hrw.org/news/2010/09/03/zambia-police-brutality-torture-rife">www.hrw.org/news/2010/09/03/zambia-police-brutality-torture-rife</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:20.15pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>[accessed
  14 Feb 2014]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Human Rights Watch,
  the Prisons Care and Counselling Association, and the AIDS and Rights
  Alliance for Southern Africa interviewed prisoners at six prisons throughout
  Zambia's central corridor. They described what happened to them in police
  custody, before they were transferred to prison. Dozens of detainees said
  they had been beaten with metal bars, hammers, broom handles, police batons,
  sticks, or even electrified rods. Many said they had been bound first and
  hung upside down. Female detainees reported that police officers tried to
  coerce sex in exchange for their release. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&quot;Hanging
  suspects from the ceiling and beating them to coerce confessions is routine
  police practice in Zambia,&quot; said Rona Peligal, Africa director at Human
  Rights Watch. &quot;The government needs to call an immediate halt to police
  abuse, investigate violations, and strengthen grievance mechanisms.&quot;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>These reports of
  physical abuse of men, women, and children held in police custody indicate a
  widespread and systematic pattern of brutality, in some cases rising to the
  level of torture, Human Rights Watch said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:.4in'><span
  class=copy><b><u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Conclusions
  and recommendations of the Committee against Torture</span><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>U.N. Convention
  against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or
  Punishment<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>-- Doc. CAT/C/ZMB/CO/2
  (2008)</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
  href="http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/cat/observations/zambia2008.html">www1.umn.edu/humanrts/cat/observations/zambia2008.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 12 March
  2013]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><u><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Obligation to
  investigate and the right to complain<o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>8. The Committee
  notes with satisfaction that the Human Rights Commission is allowed to
  conduct prison and police cells inspections. However, it is concerned that it
  does not have sufficient financial and human resources to conduct such visits
  nor the power to take action against persons found guilty, as it can only
  make recommendations to the competent authorities.<span
  style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The Committee also expresses concern about
  the frequent failure by the State party to implement the Commission’s
  recommendations and that the Commission is not competent to initiate legal
  proceedings on behalf of complainants (art. 11).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>10. While noting
  that officers found guilty by the Police Public Complaints Authority have
  been charged with administrative sanctions, the Committee regrets the absence
  of prosecution of perpetrators of torture and cruel, in-human or degrading
  treatment, as well as the lack of appropriate penalties for such
  perpetrators. The Committee is also concerned at the lack of appropriate
  compensation for victims of torture (arts. 4 and 14).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:.4in'><span class=copy><b><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Search … <u>AMNESTY
  INTERNATIONAL</u></span><u><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
  0in;margin-left:18.85pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b
  style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>For more
  articles</span></b><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>[scrubbed] Search Amnesty
  International’s website<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:18.85pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt'><a
  href="http://www.amnesty.org/en/search/?q=zambia+torture&amp;ref=&amp;year=&amp;lang=en&amp;adv=1&amp;sort=relevance">www.amnesty.org/en/search/?q=zambia+torture&amp;ref=&amp;year=&amp;lang=en&amp;adv=1&amp;sort=relevance</a><u><span
  style='color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></u></span></p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:18.85pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt'>[accessed 20 January 2019]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
  0in;margin-left:18.85pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b
  style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Scroll
  Down<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
  <p class=g align=center style='margin-top:.5in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
  0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b
  style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>***
  EARLIER EDITIONS OF SOME OF THE ABOVE ***<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
  <p style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:
  0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:.4in'><b><u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
  mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Freedom House
  Country Report</span></u></b><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
  12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> - </span></b><u><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Political Rights</span></u><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>: 3<span
  style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><u>Civil Liberties</u>: 3<span
  style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><u>Status</u>: Partly Free<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>2009 Edition<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2009/zambia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 17
  February 2013] <o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
  href="https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/Freedom_in_the_World_2009_complete_book.pdf">LONG
  URL</a><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span></span><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
  mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-char-type:symbol;
  mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings'><span style='mso-char-type:symbol;
  mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings'>ç</span></span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;
  font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> 2009 Country Reports begin on Page 21<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 13 May
  2020]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Allegations of
  police corruption, brutality, and even torture are widespread, but security
  forces have generally operated with impunity. Prison conditions are very
  harsh; severe overcrowding, poor nutrition, and limited access to health care
  have led to many inmate deaths. In 2007, the government began efforts to
  reduce crowding, in part by pardoning over 800 convicts. More than 100
  prisoners were pardoned in 2008.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:.4in'><span
  class=copy><b><u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Human
  Rights Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices</span></u></b><u><span
  style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></u></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:19.8pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>U.S. <span
  class=SpellE>Dept</span> of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and
  Labor, March 8, 2006</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61599.htm<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 17
  February 2013]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
  href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61599.htm">2009-2017.state.gov/j/<span
  class=SpellE>drl</span>/<span class=SpellE>rls</span>/<span class=SpellE>hrrpt</span>/2005/61599.htm</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:20.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>[accessed 7 July
  2019]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>TORTURE
  AND OTHER CRUEL, INHUMAN, OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT</span><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> – The law
  prohibits such practices; however, police frequently used excessive force
  when apprehending, interrogating, and detaining criminal suspects or illegal immigrants,
  and there were reports of torture. Authorities detained, interrogated, and
  physically abused family members or associates of criminal suspects in
  attempts to identify or locate suspects (see section 1.f.). Officers who
  tortured, beat, or otherwise abused suspects generally were not disciplined
  or arrested for such acts, although local human rights organizations,
  particularly LRF, were active in pressing for such action.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Langton <span
  class=SpellE>Sakala</span> reported that Lusaka police beat and tortured him
  from December 21, 2004 to January 19, following his detention on charges of
  theft. <span class=SpellE>Sakala</span> said that police beat him with a
  baton and put him on the &quot;<span class=SpellE>kampelwa</span>,&quot; to
  force a confession. The <span class=SpellE>kampelwa</span> involves using a
  rope or handcuffs to bind a suspect by the hands and feet, or sometimes just
  the feet, and hanging the suspect upside down from a rod and beating him. <span
  class=SpellE>Sakala</span> filed a civil suit against the officers, which was
  still pending at year's end.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>In December 2004
  police officers accused Terry <span class=SpellE>Bilumba</span> of taking
  part in an armed robbery and brought him to the Livingstone Central Police
  Station where they beat him. After releasing <span class=SpellE>Bilumba</span>,
  police detained him for questioning again on January 8. <span class=SpellE>Bilumba</span>
  was later released without charges.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>On June 7, police
  arrested Ben <span class=SpellE>Chola</span> on firearms charges. <span
  class=SpellE>Chola</span> said that police beat him repeatedly with a steel
  rod and suspended him in the <span class=SpellE>kampelwa</span> until his
  father paid approximately $25 (100 thousand kwacha) for his unconditional
  release on June 16.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The January 2004
  case of torture of <span class=SpellE>Nkumbwa</span> Daniel Jones was
  referred to the Police Public Complaints Authority (PPCA) and was under
  investigation at year's end.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>In the case of the
  March 2004 beating and paralysis of <span class=SpellE>Aliyele</span> <span
  class=SpellE>Sakala</span>, he has reportedly moved to another village and
  LRF has not been able to pursue his case.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>At year's end there
  was no new information in the case of the March 2004 beating of Adam <span
  class=SpellE>Simukwai</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Victims of
  state-sponsored torture following the 1997 coup attempt were still awaiting compensation
  recommended in 2000 by a special commission appointed to investigate
  allegations of torture. The civil case against former Drug Enforcement
  Commission Deputy Commissioner Teddy <span class=SpellE>Nondo</span>, former
  Commissioner of Police Emmanuel <span class=SpellE>Lukonde</span>, and
  Attorney General George <span class=SpellE>Kunda</span> was still pending at
  year's end; Commissioner <span class=SpellE>Lukonde</span> died during the
  year.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin-top:.25in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
  margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'>All
  material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
  for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use.<span
  style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
  ARTICLES.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <p class=g style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
  style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'>Cite this
  webpage as: Patt, Prof. Martin, &quot;Torture by Police, Forced Disappearance
  &amp; Other Ill Treatment in the early years of the 21st Century-
  Zambia&quot;, http://gvnet.com/torture/Zambia.htm, [accessed &lt;date&gt;]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
  <div style='visibility:hidden'>
  <div style='visibility:hidden'>
  <p class=g style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;
  tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b><span
  style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p>
  </div>
  </div>
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<p class=g style='margin-top:2.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

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Resolver

Resolver ASN
AS15169
Resolver IP
172.253.249.213
Resolver Network Name
Google LLC
Report ID
20240919T163925Z_webconnectivity_ZM_37154_n1_LWwUJQE50o26kXmP
Platform
android
Software Name
ooniprobe-android-unattended (3.8.9)
Measurement Engine
ooniprobe-engine (3.23.0)

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